IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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7 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


li  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


I 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microrepioductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 


D 


D 


n 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommag6e 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurie  et/ou  pellicul6e 


I      I    Cover  title  missing/ 


D 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  g6ographiques  en  couleur 


□    Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

I      I    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 


□    Tight  binding  may  cause  shadov  /S  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serrde  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  ia 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int^rieure 


Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  sa  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajouties 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  4t4  filmdes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  supplimantaires; 


L'institut  a  microfilmd  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  d6tails 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite.  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mdthode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu6s  ci-dessous. 

□    Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

□    Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagdes 

I      I    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 


n 


Pages  restaurdes  et/ou  pellicul^es 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxe( 
Pages  d6color6es,  tacheties  ou  piquies 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d^tachies 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Qualiti  in6gale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  materit 
Comprend  du  material  suppldmentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


r~|  Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 

I      I  Pages  detached/ 

I      I  Showthrough/ 

I      I  Quality  of  print  varies/ 

I      I  Includes  supplementary  material/ 

I      I  Only  edition  available/ 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t6  filmies  A  nouveau  de  fapon  A 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filmd  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqui  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Legislative  Library  of 
British  Columbia 


L'exemplaire  film6  fut  reproduit  grSce  d  la 
g^n^rositS  de: 

Legislative  Library  of 
British  Columbia 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettetS  de  l'exemplaire  film6,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprim6e  sont  film^s  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
derniSre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autrcs  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  fiinSs  en  commen9ant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  derniSre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recordad  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — *-  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  chaque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ^  signif  e  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  etre 
film^s  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diff^rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  §tre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich6,  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  Tangle  sup^rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n^cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m^thode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

rOMMERCIAL  UNION  DOCUMENT  No.  10. 


\ 


Commercial  Union 


AS  PHOTOGP'PHED  BY  AN 


Intelligent  English  Visitor  to  Canada. 


X 


IMPERIAL  INTERVIEWS,  NUMBER  TEN, 


IN   THE 


PALL  MALL  GAZETTE. 


NEW    YORK: 


ERAGTUS    WIMAN,    314    liROADWAY. 


5^7 


COMMERCIAI.   UXION 

AS   PHOTOGRAPHKI)   I!Y   AX 

INTKI1I(;ENT  KNGJJS|[  VISITOH  to  CANADA. 


[Onk  of  tlio  KditoiH  of  the  I'all  Mull  (iazillv,  Mu.  HkSuy  Xok.man,  is 
making  a  Joiirney  jironiid  tlir  world.  In  a  brilliant  scmIi's  of  what  i.s  callt'd 
"  Ini)ifrial  Int«ivi<!w.s"'  he  is  fiiinishin^,  not  only  his  own  jonrnal,  hut  a 
8yndi(%'»to  (»f  jtapcrs,  vivi<l  piiotomaphs  of  wh  it  hi'  ijathi'rs  from  promi- 
nent men  in  ciich  locality  that  liii  visits.  'I'hn  sniijccts  usually  chosen 
for  discussion  arc  thosti  not  only  of  vital  interest  in  the  localities  them- 
selves,  l)ut  of  importance  also  to  his  reach'rs  in  (Ireat  ISritain.  Ml!.  Nohmax 
lias,  however,  sued)  vii^or  (d"  mind  as  to  he  more  than  a  mere  interviewer. 
\Vhile,  no  donht.  he  faithfully  leprcsents  the  views  (d"  tho-e  whom  he  deems 
worthy  of  reporlin^r.  he  nnverllndess  ri'aches  coneln.siiuis  entirely  his  own, 
iiiid  alter  dm*  investi;;ation,  does  not  hesitate  to  produce  them  in  a  style  at 
once  incisive  and  aliraetive.  Heine,  the  interview  whiidi  is  reiirinted  in 
the  followin;^  ])a^jes  is  interest  inL;,  iis  indieatin;;;  his  deliherat'i  conclusions 
re;X="'''i";i  'he  (|iiestion  ol  ( 'nimneicial  rnioii  ln'twceu  the  I'nited  .^tates 
and  (':ina<la,  a  coiKdnsioii  reaclie<l  afier  havinij  had  the  y;reat  advantajio  of 
a  full  confereiici^  with  Professor  (ioi.DWiN  SMi'iil,  mid  many  others  in  all 
walks  of  life,  whom  he  deems  it  iiimeees^ai y  to  (|iiote.  It  will  he  seen  that 
Mr.  NoiiM AN  approaches  the  (pit  stioii  with  a  eom|>reliensivene8s  wlii(di  few 
writers  have  eipiulled,  idaciiiy;  tin  est  iiiiate  on  the  far-reachin^j  consciiucnces 
of  the  movement,  whi(di,  at  the  (uitstjt,  ahnost  st!i;fLters  the  reader. 

The  reproduction  in  lliis  form  of  the  interview  needs  an  aiiido;ivon  hehalf 
of  t  he  ]iuhlisher,  whose  |ierson,»lity  o(!cuides  so  lar^je  a  portion  of  the  hstter. 
Troliahly  hecaiise  of  this  ])erson.ility,  the  letter  Wiis(Mily  partially  reprinted 
on  this  side  of  the  .Ulan  tie  ;  ;inil  it  seemed  unfortunate  that  the  com  I  us  ions 
reaidied  hy  a  most  iiitcllijjeiit  and  iiii|(artial  ol)server  shouhl  not  lie  juit  in 
shape  for  perusal  and  pifservation.  Hence,  at  the  risk  of  the  accusation  of 
nndne  \aiiity,  the  |>iihlislier  sends  out  tliis  as  one  of  a  series  ef  documents 
on  Commen  ial  I'liion  wiiieh  it  has  .seemed  to  h«  his  duty,  as  it  Ims  IxM-n  his 
pleasure,  to  rep^odn<•<^.  His  only  Justi. '.nation  for  this  last  issue  is  hisdesire 
to  rescue  from  tin;  oblivion  of  a  daily  London  paper,  utteily  inaeeessihie  to 
those  most  deeply  interested,  some  views  and  eoiRdusious  other  Miiin  h's  own, 
that  may  be  wortliy  of  preservation.] 

Mr.  NoKMAX  says : 

"Coinmerriiil  riiion  is  theeoniingiiiiestion  for  Canada  :  noonecouhl  travel 
about  the  Dominion  for  two  month.s,  and  talk  with  all  classes  t)f  peoi»lo, 
wilhont  beinjj  sure  of  that.  Jt  is  the  question  which  will  split  Canadian 
])artie,s,  which  will  bo  the  issue  at  the  next  j^enerjil  election,  and  whi(di,  l)y 
the  manner  in  which  it  is  discussed  and  the  result  ultimatdji  iirrived  at, 
icill  determine  the  lehule  reldtionnhip  beliecen  Canada  and  the  United 
StateH,  for  many  _)/<((»•»  to  eome,  the  rehtlionshii)  helween  I'mjland  and  her 
greatest  colony  probably  forerer,  and  lehicli  leill  eonHeiinentlji  affect  to  a 
great,   if  not   indeed   to  a   vital    degree,  lite  future   ol'    the   Anglo-Saxon    race 


50842 


h;k 


AN  ESGIASII  VIEW  OF 


the  globe.    Tlicw  iin-  largo  assertions,  liiit  I  tliiiik  it  in  enny  lo  nIiow 

iin- 


tliat  (liey  are  not  Krt'iili\  cxajji^i-ratt'd  ones.  Tho  prcvalciiio  ot  ||i(<  Ci 
merciiil  Union  idea  has  been  the  thief  siirpriso  of  my  vibit.  As  jet  little  or 
notliing  is  known  of  it  in  En(<hin(l,  while  hero  it  is  tlio  first  and  la»<t  tiiciiin 
of  discussion  wherovi!r  politicians  niret.  Yon  Ciannot  \t'\ik  np  a  daily  paper 
anywhere  \.hieh  has  not  a  leading  article  upon  it.  It  is  the  favorite  siiiiject 
for  yoimn  men's  deliatiiiK  socii^tics  and  farmers'  institutes.     Cluhs  an-  Ihmh)^ 


formed  for  no  other  ]iiirp(ise  than  to  study  and  promote  it,  and  already  its 
opponents  hav(-  taken  such  alarm  that,  aiiparcntly  no  longer  conlldeMt  of 
their  own  ability  to  <Ieinoli,sh  tho  '  fail.' they  are  invoking  siiprrnatural 
assistance,  for  on  last  Thanksgiving  Day  I  see  that  a  clergyman  in  St.  .loliii, 
New  lirunswick,  included  it  among  the  things  he  tluinked  (iod  Canaila  did 
not  hive.  The  two  leading  newspapers  of  Canada,  tho  Toronto  lilube  niul 
the  Mail,  the  first  a  l.iheral  org.m  and  tho  second  recently  couverteil  frmn 
Conservatism  to  independence,  vie  with  each  other  in  tho  strength  of  tlieir 
snpport;  and  my  own  experience,  outside  of  Ottawa,  which  is  the  centre  of 
ministerialism,  is  that  three  out  of  five  of  tho  most  intelligent  men  I  liavo 
met  are  enthusiastic  Commercial  lyniouists.  Or,  to  give  a  nu)ro  coucliisivo 
proof,  one  of  tho  most  prominent  defenders  of  the  Conunorcial  Union  said 
the  other  day,  'if  this  cause  is  lost  it  is  tiie  farmers  which  will  lose  it;  if 
it  is  won,  it  is  the  compact  unity  of  tho  farmers  which  will  win  it;'  and  in 
tho  province  of  Ontario,  out  of  thirty  Farmers'  Unions  which  have  debated 
the  question,  twenty-eight  have  declared  in  favor  it,  one  only  being  adverse 
and  one  holding  its  Judgment  in  HU8pen^e. 

"Tho  abstnict  ([ueslion  of  Commercial  Union  is  intimately  interwoven  at 
present  with  tho  personality  of  its  foremost  advocate,  Mr.  Krastus  Winian, 
and  this  personality  is  interesting  enough  to  call  for  a  brief  description- 
Mr.  Wiman,  who  is  now  (lerhaps  about  iH,  was  born  at  tho  obscure  villiigo 
of  Chnrchville,  in  Peel  County,  Ontario,  and  his  firat  commercial  enterprise 
was  setting  type  in  the  prinfing-otlice  of  his  uncle's  newspaper  at  one  do  lar 
per  week.  From  print  r  ho  became  reporter,  was  for  awhile  on  the  htalVof 
the  Toronto  (Hole,  bccime  a  clerk  w  the  Toronto  branch  of  the  New  York 
Mercantile  Agency  (or  Trade  Protection  Society  as  it  would  bo  called  in 
England)  of  K.  (!.  Dix  Sl  Co.,  advanced  from  there  to  the  control  ol  its 
whole  Canadian  business  in  Montreal,  and  shortly  afterwards  was  oflered 
simultanaously  a  (iovernment  post  at  a  salary  of  £100  a  year  with  a  pros- 
pective i)ension,  and  a  salary  of  £2,000  in  gold  in  the  head  ottico  of  the  same 
establishment  in  New  York.  It  is  needless  to  add  which  bo  accepted.  For 
years  now  he  has  been  the  managing  part  ler,  receiving  a  salary  probably 
no  less  than  that  of  tho  President  of  the  U.iited  States,  and  wielding  an  in- 
fluence which  many  Prinuj  Ministers  mi-^.u^  envy.  An  idea  of  tho  extent  of 
the  operations  of  tho  firm  of  li,  G.  Dun  and  Co.— which  is  really  only  an- 
other name  for  Mr.  Erastus  Wiman— at  the  present  time  may  be  galhend 
from  the  fact  that  they  use  daily  no  fowter  than  eight  hundred  type-writing 
machines.  Mr.  Wiman  has  revolutionized  Staten  Island,  the  'Isle  of 
Wight,'  in  New  York  harbor;  he  is  the  i)re8ident  of  the  (treat  Northwestern 
Telegraph  Company  of  Canada,  which  is  one  of  the  toutacles  of  that  gigan- 


tic mono] 

[Mr.  Jay  ( 

l])rises  in 

lor  le^s  «le 

iWimau   c 

I  with  llu' 

:  <l((»>s  wlia 

morning, 

and  in  th 

!^  always  a: 

I  fact,  hi-' 

I  in  one  ui 

!  tion  to  e; 

4  mercial  V 

ly  coined 

very  likt 

My  firf 

I  took  plac 

which   a 

■'  ]iresidenl 

Jubilee  c 

words,  b 

it  familii 

First,  1 

between 

one  bli»\\ 

<<)untrief 

jdaco  tlu 

national 

<M)iisnlar 

the  Fish 

•:■    would  b( 

;'  iiort  his 

'i 

■\  consume 

I   perenuiii 

_|    ist  is  ah' 

■I   upon  his 

I   that  the 

I    into  fou 

I    time  ]>r< 

and  Ne' 

.  Pennsyl 
'■     and  Dal 

,  The  nat 
tweou  tl 

"l    per  port 

!    fact  tha 


COMMEHCIAL   CMOS  Wl 111  CASAlKl. 


>»ny  to  sliow 
"I  tlio  Ciiin- 
N.Vet  little  or 
'1  liist  tlitMim 
I  tlaily  impcr 
■oriti'  siilijcft 

I'lM  fll'i"   Ix-ill)^ 

<l  wjiciidy  its 
<'()ii(idi!iit  of 
Hiiprrnutiinil 
ill  St.,Ioiiii, 
I  Canaila  did 
to  (ilohf  and 
ivtMted  friPin 
iKth  of  tlieir 
the  ceiitro  of 
)  iiiuii  I  have 

0  coiicliiHivo 

1  Union  Nuid 
11  lose  it;  if 

II  it;'  ami  iu 
avo  (lt5l)ated 
eiiiji  adviTue 

itorvvoven  at 
«tus  Wiinan, 
'  description- 
HCiiro  villa>;o 
al  cntorpriso 
xt  one  do  lar 
I  tlio  htallof 
B  Now  York 
bo  callod  in 
ontrol  of  it» 
was  olVi'ied 
kvitli  a  pros- 
of  tlio  same 
eptod.     I  or 
ry  probably 
\i\h\fr  an  ill- 
he  extent  of 
lly  only  nn- 
1)0  gatherfd 
ypo- writing 
ho   '  JhIo  of 
jrthweKtern 
that  gigan- 


11  ic  monopolist  octopus,  till'  Western  I'nion  Telegrajdi   Company,  of  which 
'Mr.  Jay  (ioiilil  is  the  heart  ;  and  the  other  coniiiioreial  and  tinancial  enter. 
[jiriseH  in  wliieh  ho  is  largely  intttreMteil,  and  whi(;h  ho  controls  to  a  gnsator 
for  less  degree,  would  till  half  a  ('(diimii  of  a  newspaper  to  eniimerato.    Mr, 
[AN'iinan  coinliiin's  tint  solid   biitis  of  th))  I'Inglish  and  (,'anadian  charactur 
with  the  iiiinuMise  energy  and  l>readth<tf  view  of  the  typical  American.     He 
does  what  most  |)ei)ple  wouhl  ((uisidor  a  day's  work  before  breakfast  in  the 
morning,  and  his  name  meetHyou  every  wheio — iu  the  eolumiisof  neMs]>apei'H 
and  in  the  pagtts  of  reviews,  as  well  Ub  in  the  clubs  and  on  the  platform,  and 
always  as  iin  cnthnsiastic  and  almost  n'sistless  advocate  of  his  pet  itlea.    In 
fact,  his  whole  lifii  outside  his  daily  business  may  le  truly  said  to  be  spent 
in  one  iini  easing  elVorl  to  induce  tilt!  cuiintries  of  his  biith  and  of  his  adop- 
tion to  exchange  what  a  sarcastic  rhyinoster  has  described  as*  the  sly  coni- 
nnrcial  kiss.'     ilo  must  be  ilin  very  man  f)r  whom  the  jdirase  was  original- 
ly coinctl  that 'when   he  pulls,  Koim^thing  has  to  give.'    This  time  it  will 
very  likely  be  two  nations." 

My  first  conversatio.i  with   him  upon   the  subject  of  Commercinl  I'nion 

took  place  across  the  diuiier  t  iblo  iu   tin*  Canadian   Club  of  Now  York,  of 

which  Hike  most  oth«r  things  with   which  he  has  to  do)  Mr.  Wiman  is 

^jiresident.     He   was   jiresident   and   promoter,  by  the  way,  of  the  recent 

iJnbileo  celebrations  in  New  York.     1  will  not  attempt  t  )  reproduce  his  own 

^words,  but  only  to  summari/e  his  brief  for  Commorcial  Inion,  as  he  has  made 

|it  familial  to  everybody  iu  Canada. 

J  I'irst,  then,  what  is  Cimiiuercial  I'nion  ?  It  is  simply  absoln'e  free  trade 
Mlietween  the  I'liited  States  and  Canada,  or  put  concrete  .  ,  the  removal  at 
j#<)iu)  blow  of  the  line  of  custom  houses  ;$,0()()  miles  long,  separating  the  two 
i«'ountri«'S.  .Second,  what  would  be  the  advantages  of  the  step  T  In  the  first 
]dace  the  abolition  of  the  custom  houses  would  bo  an  onormons  saving  of 
national  expense,  to  which  woulil  bo  added  the  abcdition  of  the  American 
coii.sular  service  throughout  Canada.  To  continue  in  an  ascending  scale, 
the  Fisheries  (^uesticm  would  be  settled  for  ever,  for  the  fishing  grounds 
would  be  o]»en  to  Ameri(!an  and  ("anadian  alike,  the  Canadian  would  ox- 
port  his  lish  into  the  I'liiled  States  free  of  duty,  and  thus  both  providers  and 
consumers  would  be  alik(5  be  fitted,  and  thrco  countries  relieverl  from  a 
perennial  and  irritatingjiuzzle.  Next,  the  argnuu>ntof  theCommorcial  I'nion- 
ist  is  always  stated  in  this  way.  Kviiry  one  of  tluun  has  a  huge  map  hanging 
upon  his  wall,  and  seizing  a  jiDinter,  ho  says  :  "  Look  at  this.''  Then  ho  shows 
that  the  two  couiitr  es,  disri'garding  the  liiu?  of  demarcation,  aro  divided 
into  four  blocks  running  North  and  South,  the  first  consisting  of  the  mari- 
tiino  jirovinces  (New  IJninswick,  Nova  Si;otia,  and  Prince  Edward  Island) 
and  New  England  ;  Ontario  and  tinoboc  together  with  Now  York  and 
I'ennsylvania  ;  Manitoba  and  the  North-West  Territories  with  Minnesota 
nud  Dakota;  and  British  Columbia  with  the  States  on  the  Pacific  coast. 
TJio  natural  course  of  trade,  they  i)rocced  to  say,  runs  North  and  South  be- 
tween the  inhabitants  of  these  blooks,  not  East  and  West  between  the  up- 
per portions  of  them.  Hetween  the  maritime  provinces  and  Ontario  it  is  a 
fact  that  there  is  very  little  trade ;  between  Ontario  and  Manitoba  there  is, 


6 


.-i.v  ESGiJsii  in:  If  or 


of  cour.sp.  tnulc,  Imt  Manitoba  would  KroaMy  i)rcfor  to  trade  along  tho 
natural  route  witli  tlio  American  StattH  ailJoiniiiK  lier ;  liotween  British 
C(tlumbia  and  the  rest  of  the  Dominion  thoro  in  siarcoly  any  natural  trade 
at  all. 

Mut  what  are  tho  more  spocitic  advanta^'-H  which  tho  schenio  oflVrst  To 
tho  I'nited  Stati'H  Canada  otlcrs  an  ana  actually  larger  than  tlu'ir  own, 
and,  aUhounh  much  oCtiiiH  is  inhospitaltlc  and  barren,  tho  wIieatj,'rowing 
zono  ofCiinada  is  actually  more  extensive  than  that  of  the  Tnited  States. 
In  the  urcat  North-west  thtMO  arc  ;i7."«,()(>(i,()0(l  acres  of  wheat  land  still  to  be 
cultivated.  She  otVers  ."),."iOO  milesofthe  best  tishiiijc  coiists  in  tlio  world, 
and  coasts,  it  UiUst  be  remembered,  mean  bait,  and  bait  means  profitable 
fishing.  The  forests  of  the  rnitcd  States,  again,  will  be  exhausted  in 
25  years.  Canada  ofl'crs  an  enormous  area  containing  <i(»  dilVcreiit  kinds  of 
timber.  In  8i)iteof  tho  duty  on  cctal,  :!(M),U(M)  tons  are  aiimially  exported 
from  tho  west  of  Canada  to  San  Frnncisco,  untl  it  is  daimsd  that  Canada 
oflVrs  10,(Hl(>  s(|uaie  miles  of  coal  country  for  develoiMiient.  Vast  Mineral 
wealth  also  Canada  nii(h)ul)tedly  possesses,  and  of  the  fertilizing  pho»- 
^hates  so  ncccsHury  to  agricnlluro  nowadays,  there  is  an  enormous  sup- 
ply 01'  "e  north  shorn  of  Lake  Superior.  i.'.">,(l(i()  tons  of  which  were  already 
exi  during  188r>.     In  a  word,  Canada,  in  the  persons  of  the  (,'onimer- 

cin'  lists,  stands  at  tho  border  inviting  American  wealth  and  American 

en  .^y  lo  lier  boundless  possessions  in  forest,  ocean,  hold,  and  mine. 

"  She  is  rich  by  nature,"  snys  Mr.  Wiinan,  "  but  poor  by  ])olicy,"  and  th<i 
bargain  will  be  one  in  which  both  sides  will  get  the  best  of  it,  for  it  would 
be  no  less  advant.igeous  to  the  United  States  to  aid  in  tho  dev(dopment  of 
all  these  things  than  to  Canada  to  have  them  developed.  The  farmer,  and 
all  who  supply  natuial  products,  would  have  a  vast  market  in  the  money- 
spending  States  ;  American  manufacturers  would  have  a  vast  market  in 
Canada,  and  because  of  the  alnindance  of  raw  niati^rial,  tho  supplies  of 
power,  and  the  cheapness  of  labor,  many  manufacturers  could  be  cariied  on 
with  greater  advantage  in  Canada  than  across  tho  border.  This  part  of  the 
Commercial  Unionist  view  might  bo  described  to  ,'iny  length,  but  finally 
there  is  the  abstract  though  strong  reason  that  it  is  contrary  to  the  laws  of 
nature  and  human  intercourse  that  two  people  side  by  side,  each  producing 
what  the  other  needs,  should  not  trade  freely  and  fraternally,  but  that  tho 
farmer  in  the  province  of  Quebec  should  be  forbidden  to  exchange  a  bag  of 
potatoes  with  his  fellow-farmer  in  Maine  across  the  rail  fence  which  is  all 
that  divides  them,  and  the  wheat  grower  in  Manitoba  bo  prohibited  from 
selling  his  crop  and  buying  his  supplies  in  Dakota  because  of  the  line  of 
demarcation  between  them  evolved  out  of  the  inner  consciousness  of  an  as- 
tronomer. In  a  word,  the  arguments  ar.i  simply  the  old  irresistible  ones  of 
free  trade  so  familiar  in  England,  for,  as  a  Philadelphia  paper  admitted  tho 
other  day,  "  tho  objection  that  lies  against  trade  with  Canada  lies  equally 
against  trade  between  Ohio  and  Kentucky  and  between  Pennsylvania  and 
New  York."  And  so  long  ago  as  1871,  an  ofticial  report  called  for  by  tho 
Secretary  of  the  United  States  Treasury,  in  compliance  with  a  joint  resolu- 
tion of  Congress,  declared  that  the  reason  why  the  provinces  of  the  Dominion 


were  comj 
and  the  cc 

their  isola 

wliidi  the 

their  natii 

hut  who  i 

which  ha' 

"What  C 

mikuowu 

follow  lilt 

Commeri' 

the  liorde 

beyiiid." 

which  ki 

seat  id'  tl 

scat  of  c.i: 

iiiouH  are 

jieiitleiict' 

Ibiston  o 

greater  t 

looks  upi 

raise  a  ht 

my  iiaint 

second  i 

the  grea 

my  own 

desire  o 


along  tho 
'II  liriliah 
lira  I  tnido 

VciB  T    To 

li«'ir  own, 

t-fjiowing 

<1  St:itf8. 

Hi  ill  U)  1)0 

lio  world, 

piolitalil*) 

iiiiNfiMl  in 

t  kinds  of 

I'xported 

t  Canada 

Ht  Mineral 

zing  i)lio»- 

111(1118  sup- 

ero  alroadj 

0  Conimer- 

il  American 

lino. 

y,"  and  tlio 
or  it  would 
'lopnient  of 
arnier,  and 
tlio  nioney- 
;  market  in 
Hiipplios  of 
)  canied  on 
part  of  the 
but  finally 
the  laws  of 
I  producing 
lit  that  tho 
go  a  bag  of 
rbich  in  all 
ibitod  from 
the  line  o€ 
8s  of  an  as- 
blo  ones  of 
mitted  tho 
ies  equally 
Ivania  and 
for  by  the 
lint  resohi- 
)  Dominion: 


VOMMliUCIAL  CMOS  Willi  CAS  ADA.  f 

• 

wore  rowiparativoly  ho  Hparsoly  populated  and  ho  behind-Ii;ind  in  wealth 
and  tlio  riiri't-.spondiiig  uctivitioH  of  induHtrios  was  "  i  learly  to  be  traced  to 
thfir  iscdaliiin  frnni  the  friMt  iutenhango  of  activitioH  in  a  comiiiorcial  way 
which  the  rent  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  coiniiiunilios  of  America  have  Hocurod  i)y 
their  national  eonfcileration."  Mr.  Wiinaii,  who  is  not  an  original  thinker, 
liiit  \\  lio  iH  able  t»  po|iulari/.e  witli  extraordinary  insight  and  \  igor  idcait 
which  have  taken  root  in  his  mind,  grown  really  elo(|iiont  over  the  proHpect. 
"  What  (.'oluinbiiN,  Cabot,  and  Cartier  did,"  he  Haid,  ''sviicn  ihey  liraved  fh« 
nnkiKiwu  Mean  to  <liscovi;r  new  world-t,  ami  beckoned  (o  whole  ]ie()|ileH  to 
follow  them  to  illimitable  progress  and  prospitrity,  that,  in  our  degree,  wo 
i'oninicrcial  I'nionists  do  to-day,  when  we  st;ind  here  and  jioiiit  you  over 
the  liorder  to  the  commercial  po.HHibilitioH  and  c(insc(|uent  liappincNs  that  lio 
beyond."  "  Canada,"  ho  exclaimed  to  me,  "has  a  m.inufactiiring  jiower 
which  knocks  this  people  out  of  sight."  "Lower  (anaHa  is  the  natural 
Heat  (if  the  manhood  of  Amt'ri(;a.  (Quebec  to-day  .should  be  sitting  at  ttie 
Hoat  of  custom  of  the  world."  "  Oik?  Htaggers  at  the  thought  of  the  enor- 
mous ;\n:i  eonfrolled  liy  (^U(0»oc  and  Montreal.  If  the  Ilcclaratioii  of  Inile- 
l>endenc(!  had  not  htojiped  nhort,  these  towns  would  be  the  New  Vork  iind 
Hoston  (d' to-day."  "  I  man. tain  that  the  natnr'l  resources  of  Canada  are 
greater  than  of  any  country  in  the  world."  "  Montreal  (tliis  with  a  laugh) 
looks  upon  mo  as  a  traitor  and  a  niiegade,  but  I  am  her  Iriend,  and  she  will 
raise  a  htatue  to  me  yet  !"  "Teophi  say  I  am  a  vain  man  and  eager  to  see 
my  name  in  tho  newspapern.  I'robably  the  (irst  is  true,  and  certainly  tho 
Hecond  is.  Why  should  I  pretend  that  I  would  not  like  to  be  considered 
the  great  benefactor  of  my  own  country  T  I  have  made  my  fortune  and  have 
my  own  position,  and  I  do  not  hesitate  to  say  to  you  or  anybody  that  th(( 
dtsiro  of  my  life  is  to  have  my  name  go  down  to  jtDStcrity  witli  what  I 
know  will  be  the  greatest  coniiuercial  blcHsing  Caniida  ever  received. 
'America,'  says  Emerson,  'is  another  name  for  opportunity,' and  opportunity 
is  another  n.'imo  for  Cmnmercial  I'nion.'' 

The  objections  to  Commercial  Union  I  shall  hear  plenty  of  when  I  get 
among  tho  members  of  tho  (Jovernment  in  a  few  days.  In  tho  meantime 
Mr.  Wiinan  claims  that  Commercial  Union  umpiestionaldy  has  the  favor- 
able and  hearty  support  of  I'rosident  Cleveland  and  his  Cabinet,  and  Mr, 
Chamberlain's  strange  lack  of  diphmiatic  reserve  has  already  had  the  dis- 
tinct eflect  of  winning  supporters  to  the  course  which  ho  publicity 
disapproved.  Tho  Toronto  Mail  has  reminded  Canadians  of  Tom  Paine'* 
saying,  that  it  was  a  niiserablo  thing  to  see  several  millions  of  people 
running  down  to  the  wharf  every  time  an  English  ship  landed  in  the 
American  colonies,  to  sec  what  measure  of  freedom  they  might  enjoy,  and 
added  that  it  is  equally  so  to  see  five  millions  of  Canadians  deprived  of  any 
real  voice  in  the  settlement  of  what  is  a  matter  of  vital  conP""uonce  to 
themselves  while  tho  arbiter  of  their  fate  discourses  of  his  intenti^.n  with 
regard  to  them  to  a  mob  of  reporters  collected  iu  a  Washiugton  hotel. 
When  Mr.  Chamberlain  proclaimed  there,4n  the  now  famous  "whisky  and 
Apollinaris  "  interview,  the  Imperial  intention  to  impose  a  veto  on  what 
may  prove  to  be  the  desire  of  the  majority  of  tho  majority  of  the  Canadian 


^BOVWCIAL  UBHAH^ 

VICTORU.  E.  C 


8  Ay  r:.\<il.lSU   VIEW  OF 

]i(>(>]i1(*,  llii'ii,  iiM  I'l-iilcssor  (inldwiii  8iiiitl>  Hiiyi*,  "Caiinda   ih   inatlu   to  1V<-I 
biT»«-ira  (lf|niiilt  iic.v  imlffil." 


Ill  (aiiailii  I'rntcsMir  (liilihvin  Siiiitli  iircii|ri'.s  a  pofilioii  wiilely  ilinVmit 
liiitli  ill  li'iiiiiiii'  ami  ill  iiiliiK-iici-  t'ltnii  lliiit  wliii  li  lie  occaHloiially  tills  in  tlin 
ciiliiiiiiiH  <)|  till-  Timii.  IIh  livc.H  ill  till'  tililcnt  litick  hoiiMt  Imt  oiih  in 
'roroiito,  !i  Ion;;  low  (till  I'.iNliiiinci.  strintiirK  htamliii);  in  itH  own  ^roiiinlM 
iiinl  mill)  I  itH  (n\  n  titM.s,  liko  an  I'li^flixli  lionn-,  and  iiioni  ri-mnililin;;  in  itn 
i|iiict  di;;nity  anil  l-.n^linli  niiiilmt  tli«  tlir«>e  Iihiiiih  nf  tlio  I'liitiMl  Statt'g — 
C'raii-ii"  llinisc,  wIi'Tc  l/inyt'i-llnw  11  veil,  jliniwooil,  Mr.  I.owcll'rt  ri'NidiiK^i', 
and  Sliiidy  Hill,  rnit'>  ssnr  Nurlnn's  lioinc,  all  at  ( 'iiinlirid^i',  in  MasMailiii- 
settH — than  aiiv  idact'  I  liavcMMii  in  tli<'  I'nitt'd  HtutvH  ur  Canada.  At  tliu 
(Jranj;!' till' viiy  ti'lt'iilmiiti  SIM  ins  an  iiitriidrr,  and  as  ProI'd-H-or  Smith  (fur 
HO  lilt  is  calh'd  ill  'runinto)  walks  loiiinl  a  .  '^i<  liilliard  taWlc  in  tlio  iiiidi!i» 
of  his  llliiary,  or  Npn'adK  out  Mi<>  im>vitalilo  ('oinnioiciul  lIiiloniNt  ma]i  n|ioii 
it,  it  is  dilliinll  to  lM'lii'V«>  'iin'  is  not  l^ick^wit'i  liiin  in  old  da.\s  at  Oxloril. 
To  apprnai'li  liiin '.» i!!i  tlii<  won's  ••  Coiiiiin'rcial  Inion''  on  oiif's  lijm  is  to 
l)«  Miiir,  itany  aMsiiianci*  wcio  I'ct'dcd,  of  a  (•«)iirti'oii«  rci'e|)tlon,  nnd  lio 
lii';;iiis  witli  tint  iii:ip  ai'i;miiiMit  ii:id  tli«<  otlnrs  wliirli  I  liavo  tried  to  Hkt-tcli 
above  Hut  III'  li:;^  moro  silii/iaily  it'iisoiis  iicriiliar  to  liiniHidf.  "  1  have 
always  Indd,"'  lits  s;iid,  ••  that  Kn^liind  must  look  forward  to  th«  timo  wIumi 
slitt  iniist  i-caM-  to  iiitiMlrri'  with  tlio  iiil  Tinil  iiolitirs  of  this  conntry,  and 
li«  ( iiiilcnl  with  its  IrirmUliip.  Savin;;  the  poliliial  division  and  the  liscal 
lint',  Canada  and  the  United  Slates  are  in  u  eomplete  Htat«i  of  fusion.  Why, 
('\eii  all  our  winter  ports  are  in  th«<  I'nite  I  .SiateH !  .\iid  what  is  the  condi- 
tion we  are  in  ?  The  Interenhiniiil  ifaiiway  eost  $l(),(l()0,ti(M),  ami  will  room 
lit«  ali.'tiidoiied.  The  iit  ti'mjil  had  lieeii  made  tu  elaiiip  our  diverse  territiiritvs 
to^rether  hy  a  political  railway  which  will  koou  ho  in  the  ]iusitioii  of  iho 
Intercolonial.  <  >iir  (idvcrnmcnt  is  only  held  to;;ether  hy  ,i  system  of 
liril'cry,  tiie  result  of  which  has  liecn  to  satiirate  iis  with  corruption.  Hut 
yon  may  depend  iipdii  it  the  attempt  to  hold  to;;)'tlier  tliiiM  tlio  fovir  blocks 
of  territory  into  which  the  nniiiinion  is  dividiMl  is  a  despt;rat(^  affair.  'I'o 
force  lis  to  iiiaiiiifactiire  for  oiiistlM's  is  jireposterons.  To  liegin  with,  we 
liavc  no  coal,  so  we  are  in  the  pretty  pli;;lit  of  first  having;  taxes  levied 
ii]tiiii  lis  to  make  iis  niaiiiifactiire,  ;ind  then  having;  taxoH  levied  upon  coal 
to  make  us  ;;et  our  coals  to  do  it  with  in  Nova  Sc(»tia." 

"  Von  ask  me  what  will  he  the  result  of  Commercial  Union  upon  the 
political  relations  of  the  jinminion  and  the  mother  conntry  t  Well,  I 
never  conceal  my  helief  that,  althou;;!i  the  iminodiate  results  nobody  can 
foresee,  the  ultimate  result  w ill  bo  polit ical  union,  and  Kn;;Iand  niiiRt  he 
content  with  our  friciidshi|».  To  try  to  connect  U8  with  Knj;land  and 
detach  this  country  from  the  I'liited  States,  is  an  liojielcsa  and  as  foolish 
at*  it  would  be  to  try  to  connect  Scotland  with  the  United  States  and 
detach  her  from  Kngland.  Kngland's  position  to  day  is  this;  she  can  play 
one  of  two  ^ames  ;  either  follow  out  the  Tory  ideal,  and  tteparato  Canada 
permanently  fnnu  Enj;land  hy  trying;  to  wrest  a  portion  of  this  continent 
from  Democracy  ;  or  seco.id,  she  can  recognize  and  renew  her  family  rel- 


undo  to  fi-el 


COMMEIiCIAL  L'SW\  WITH  CAS  AD  A. 


ly  <lill'«T»'iit 
y  lilU  ill  tlin 

I'lit  (IIII4  ill 
vii  >,'ii»iiii(Im 
l>liii«  ill  its 
I  I'd  Stati'8— 
H  r<'Ni(lt'ii(;p, 

MiiNSiii  Ini- 
tlii.     At  tho 

SiiiiJli   (for 

tlio  iiiiiliiio 

t  iiiiip  iipiiii 

f<  .'It  nxforii. 

k-'m  l||m  ii  to 

ion.   aiitl   lin 

•il   III  Hkftcll 

I.  "I  liavo 
•'  tiiiin  when 
"lint IV.  jiiid 

III  tlltt  liNCIll 
IMJon.  Wliy, 
is  IliH  riiihli- 
nil  will  Hdon 
>«  tnrrit<iri«s 
litiiiii  of  I  ho 

I    NV.steill     (tf 

ip<i<>ii.  Kilt 
'  four  lilocki 
>  iiflair.  To 
in  wilh,  wo 
taxes  levieil 
<!  ii^ioii  coal 

n  upon  tho 
rt  Well,  I 
nolioily  can 
.nd  niuRt  hn 
tigland  and 
1  a.s  fdoliNli 
States  and 
he  can  play 
a  to  Canada 
H  continent 
faniily  rol' 


tionH,  dn.Hlroyed  and  vnildttpred  a  century  a;;o,  w  itli  tho  wliole  of  thin  con- 
tinont  liy  nenoroiis  and  friendly  action  towardn  Canada  now.     Tiiroiixh  ii» 
hIio  can   win   hack  tlio  atVoetion  of  llio  I'nitod  Statt-H.     Ah  for  the  cry  of 
lilinloyaUy  that  Ih  raiHt'd,  the  protected  inuniifactiirerH  here  have  bccnspi/fd 
ivith  a  HpaHHi  of  loyalty.     They  cannot  hear,  they  tell  yon,  with  toarn  ia 
ItheiroycH,  unytliiiiK  savoring  of  dim^iiiiiination  nfjjaiiiHt  KiiKland,  but  they 
|will  exclude  Kiijjlish  Koods  by  tlieir  iiotectivo  dutiea  readily  enou>,'h,  and 
they   ore   always    running   back  to  Ottawa  to  have  those  duties   raised. 
I'oliticians,  it  is  true,  have  means  of  theirown  of  dolayinj.{  this  Conimercial 
'nion   niovenient,  but  if    miscarries   as   a   commercial   movemunt,  .1     /III 
certainly  bo  bnrn  again  as  a  political  movement,  and  then  will  be  seen  Iwiw 
Icomplele'y  vve  are  bound  up  with  our  continent."    "  The  protected  ind'i'iti'ea 
are  ho  strong,   the  (Joverniiieiit  is  ko  bound  to  them,  and  the  C.  !'.  li.  to 
both,  that  I  should  jiot  wonder  if  they  did  make  it  misiarry  for  t'o  iiresent ; 
but  it  will  lie  for  th' ir  (•  St.     'I'lio  Canadian   Ministers  believe  that  if  they 
I  take  a  Orm  stand  Knglaml  will  back  tiiem  ii]i.     What  I  want  to  see  is  soii:o 
[open  mindcii  .talesman  come  over  here  ami  see  things  for  himself,  for  uoth- 
ing  is  really  know-n  of  us  from  our  statesmen  who  go  to  England,  and 
I  (iovernors  (General  live  necessarily  in  a  fool's  paradise.     I  myself  look  at  the 
(|uestion  inevitably  I'roin  an  Knglish  point  of  view.     I  lived  tnere  too  h.i'g 
and  left  it  too  late  to  have  any  other,  but  I  have  not  the  shadow  of  a  doubt 
that  the  right  course  for  Knglaud  is  to  withdraw  politically  and  retain  the 
great  ini<triiments  of  inlluencit  which   lie  in  language,  literature,  and  com- 
mon history,  and  by  resigning  a  political  connection  \Thich  is  worth  nothing, 
come  into  relations  of  grateful  atTcction  with  all  her  children  oa  this  side, 
that  would  prove  of  infinite  value  tu  il:e  future  of  civili/atiou." 

To  round  off  this  outline  of  tho  Commercial  Union  idea,  one  other  point 
must  be  mentionod,  vi/,.:  tho  obvious  difllciilty  of  arranging  a  common  tariiT 
for  Canada  and  tho  United  States  when  the  custom-houses  are  swept  away. 
That  five  millions  of  people  should  have  any  more  than  a  consulting  voice 
in  tho  settlement  of  the  tariff  of  sixty  million  is  not  to  be  thought  of,  and 
therefore  Commercial  Union  would  mean  that  the  Canadian  tariff  should 
bo  decided  practically  by  American  statesmen,  and  that  some  equitable 
arrangement  should  bo  made  for  supplying  a  proportionate  revenue  to 
Canada.  This  difliculty,  although  probably  not  insuperable,  presses  upon 
many  people,  and  within  tho  past  few  weeks  an  attempt  has  been  made  to 
overcome  it  by  the  suggestion  of  unrest.icted  reciprocity  (which,  indeed, 
was  what  would  have  ucen  the  result  of  the  passing  of  the  original  measure 
introduced  into  Congress  by  Mr.  Biitterworth,  of  Ohio,  and  laid  on  the 
table),  that  is,  to  provide  by  law  that  there  shall  be  an  absolutely  free 
interchange  of  American  and  Canadian  goods  of  all  descriptions,  but  still 
keep  the  lino  of  custom-houses,  thus  enabling  Canada  and  the  United  States 
to  hivo  a  varying  or  any  taritf  against  goods  coming  directly  to  them  from 
any  other  countries.  This  is  a  suggestion  of  Mr.  J.  D.  Kdgyr,  M.  P.,  who 
has  advocated  it  in  three  open  letters  to  Mr.  Wimau,  anil  Mr.  Wiman  has 
said  in  reply  that  "  indeed  almost  everything  that  Commercial  Union  in  ita 
fullest  sense  could  accomplish  would  be  achieved  by  this  plan." 


f 


to 


COMMFAWIAL   UM<)\  WITir  CANADA. 


Finally,  as  rcjj;aril8  the  elTcct  of  Coinmcrcial  Union  upon  England,  Mr. 
Winian,  Professor  (inldwin  Sniitli,  ami  tiio  other  Coniinercial  Unionists 
mike  several  roniaikt.  First,  they  say  tliut  in  ease  the  Canadian  and 
United  States  tarilfs  should  be  pooled,  tlie  former  would  he  slightly  rais-od, 
aud  it  is  certain  that  the  latter,  as  is  its  natural  tendency,  would  bo  lowered, 
and  that  tlu)  lowering  of  a  tariff  liehiiul  whi(!h  are  00,0011,01)0  of  people 
woulil  be  a  greiiter  gain  to  I'.iiglish  uiauufaeturers  than  the  raisiiijj  of  a 
tarilV  b(diiud  v.hieh  are  only  r),000,U(iii  would  bo  a  loss.  Second,  thoy  point 
out  thit  the  condition  of  Canada  is  lamentable  compar.nl  with  the  pros- 
perity of  her  greit  iu'iglibi)r.  Siie  ha?  an  enormous  aiul  increasing  debt, 
her  jtopnla'iou  is  not  rii]iiiily  iuerea^iitg,  and  there  is  an  *■  exodn.s  "  of  her 
poimiation  into  the  Unite  I  Si:ates  ol'  an  alarming  character.  \ow,  wiany 
millions  of  English  money  are  insisted  in  Canada,  and  if  this,  princii)al  and 
interest,  is  t)  be  re]iaid,  a  change  must  come  over  the  linanees  of  the 
Dominion.     Tliiid.  that  political  dL-^ccMteut  is  the   inevitable  accompani- 

s;i_ss  Mr.  Wiman,  at  any   rate, 


meiit  of  ('(imiiiiTcial  diseor.lent.     Thereft 


nn 


der  Commercial  I  iiioii,  ( 'anada  will  Ik^  niort"  loyal  and  more  thoroughly 


<'ontentei 


with 


ilish  connection  than  slu^  has  ever  b 


before.     Lastilv, 


le  adds, 


tliey  talk  about  the  injury  it  wimld  do  to  the  Ijiglish  mannfac- 
tnrers.  These  do  ,f|O,(i(i().()i)0  of  trade  with  Canada,  S,ip))osing  they  make 
ten  percent.  ]U(ifit.  that  ii  .f  1,000,000.  Supposing,  again,  that  Commercial 
Union  dejirives  them  of  hiilf  their  ])rolits.  1  should  like  to  ask  if  the  com- 
mercial i)ro;;ress  and  jirosperity  (pf  the  whole  Canadian  peo]ile  is  to  be 
hampered  forfeiir  that  I'.nglish  maiuifacturers should  lo^e  £100,000  a  yearf 
And  all  Conmu-icial  Unionists  i>oint  with  glee  to  Mr,  Chamberlain's  remiirk 
just  before  he  left  England— '■  If  Ciinada  wants  i'vvi^  tradi!  with  the  United 
States,  she  e;ni  line  it."  It  was  not  what  ho  meant,  but  they  have  taken 
liini  lit  his  word. 


